P4-Plan an original article

My article will be about does bullying take place at Deyes High school and if so how often does it happen. I will find out if bullying does take place at Deyes High by Interviewing students and asking if they or someone that they know has ever been bullied while at Deyes. I will use the information that I gather to talk about if bullying is a problem.

My story also covers Galtung and Ruge’s news values the values that this article will cover is:

·         Frequency- Bullying occurs regularly and there are lots of news articles about it.

·         Proximity- I will be talking about our school and the article is going in to our school’s newspaper

·         Elite nations- I will also be talking about bullying in the UK

·         Ordinary people/Human interest- I will be talking about normal school students

·         Negativity- I will be talking about bullying this is a negative topic

I will present my story in lots of small paragraphs so that it is easy for students to read I will do this as I have seen many other news providers lay out their stories like this. My article will also contain an interview in it I will ask a student about bullying.

This article could cause a moral panic if I go in to detail on how people were bullied as this may lead to an increase in bullying as I will be providing people with ways to bully other people.

To prevent causing a moral panic I will not go into detail about how people were bullied then it can’t be replicated.

This link is for a BBC news article that I will use as a source of secondary data

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-43212006

P4-Galtung and Ruge news values

News values

1.       Frequency- A long term event reported on regularly

2.       Size and scale- The bigger the event the more likely it is to be reported

3.       Predictability- An event that was expected to happen or anticipated

4.       Closeness to home/proximity- Has relevance to Britain or could affect British people in someway

5.       Demand- This is an event that we want to happen

6.       Unexpectedness- Events that happen without warning

7.       Rarity- Something not predicted

8.       Continuity- An ongoing news story that has high news value

9.       Elite nations- stories that involve powerful countries

10.   Elite people- Involves someone people can relate to and is in the public eye

11.   Ordinary people/Human interest- This is a story about an ordinary person might represent an issue

12.   Negativity/Bad news- Bad news sells

 BBC article

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-43312625

One of the Galtung and Ruge news values is met in this article it is closeness to home this is because the events that took place in the UK in the city of Salisbury. People are more interested in the story as it happened in their own country. These events would affect people’s lives less significantly if they had occurred abroad.

Another news value that is in this article is unexpectedness this is because no one expected these events to happen they occurred without warning. People may be more likely to read an article if it is about a story they haven’t heard about and was unexpected.

Another news value that has been met in this story is rarity something like a spy being poisoned doesn’t happen often. People are more likely to read a story about and event that doesn’t happen often compared to a regularly occurring event.

Another news value that is in this article is in this article is elite nations two elite nations are involved in this story the UK and Russia. The events took place within the UK however it is suspected that Russia were involved with the poisoning of the spy. People are more likely to read a story about a well-known country if it is about a smaller nation people may be less interested.

Another news value is ordinary people the story is about how a spy was poisoned this person is not famous and isn’t in the public eye. People read stories about ordinary people as they are easier to relate to than a celebrity that is in the public eye.

Another news value is bad news the story is about people being poisoned this is bad news. People are often more likely to read an article if the story is bad news.

P4 IPSO

IPSO website

https://www.ipso.co.uk/

PCC Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Press_Complaints_Commission

IPSO is the independent press standards organisation they are responsible for the regulation of content within UK newspapers and magazines. IPSO replaced the PCC (press complaints commission) on the 8^th of September 2014. The PCC received criticism after little action was taken after News of the World were involved in the phone hacking scandal. This eventually led the closure 

of the PCC and the creation of IPSO on the 8^th of September 2014.

The editor’s codes of practise are rules that are followed by magazines and newspapers that are regulated by IPSO these are:

Accuracy

The press can’t publish information or images that are inaccurate or misleading. Any inaccuracies must be changed quickly. It must be made clear what is fact and what is opinion within an article.

Privacy

Everyone is entitled to privacy. Editors must justify why they have intruded upon someone’s private affairs. It is unacceptable to take pictures of people without their consent.

Harassment

Journalists cannot harass or intimidate someone. They cannot constantly question, telephone, pursue or photograph someone.

Intrusion into grief or shock

Approaching someone about an article involving grief or shock must be made discreetly and sympathetically.

Reporting suicide

If reporting suicide do not go in to detail on how the act was performed so as to avoid imitation.

Children

Pupils should be able to attend school without interruption. They cannot be spoken to or photographed at school without permission from the school. Children under 16 cannot be interviewed about their own or any other child.

Children in sex cases

The press cannot name any child or adult involved.

Hospitals

If a journalist wants to enter an area of a hospital not available to the public they must identify themselves and obtain permission from the hospital.

Reporting of crime

Relatives of a person convicted or accused should not be identified without the person’s permission unless they are directly related to the story. Regard should be given to people under 18 whether victims or witnesses.

Clandestine devices and subterfuge

The press must not obtain material using a hidden camera, listening device, intercepted message or by removing documents.

Victims of sexual assault

The press cannot publish any material that would identify a victim of sexual assault.

Discrimination

The press cannot publish anything that would suggest disapproval of race, colour, religion, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, physical or mental illness or disability.

Financial journalism

Journalists must not write about shares that themselves or family have financial interest in.

Confidential sources

Journalists are morally obligated to keep sources private.

Witness payments in criminal trials

No payment should be given to a witness or someone who may be a witness. These payments cannot be made to a witness until released by the police without charge or on bail.

Payments to criminals
Payment should not be made for pictures or stories that may glorify or glamourize crime.

Exceptions to the rules of the “Editors codes of practice” are exposing crime or threat of crime to members of the public, protecting the health and or safety of the public and protecting members of the public from false statements or actions that have been made by an organization or individual.

One ruling from IPSO was that the Sun had violated three of the editor’s codes of practice these were privacy, harassment and victims of sexual assault. Warwickshire police complained on behalf of someone claiming that a Sun journalist had broken these three rules. The person said that a journalist had been constantly calling. The complaint was upheld.

Another complaint was made to the IPSO by Farasat Latif. Farasat claimed that The Sunday Times had broken the rules of Accuracy, Privacy and Harassment. A committee said that the journalist had not harassed as the only interview lasted 14 seconds. The complaint was not upheld.

Another complaint was made to IPSO by Mark Walker. Walker complained that Mirror.co.uk had breached the accuracy part of the “editor’s codes of practice”. Walker was unhappy with the headline “Shameless touts charge teens and parents three times ticket prices for kids' charity gigs” he wasn’t happy about it being referred to as a charity event as not all the went towards the charity. He also complained that the article suggested that the resale of tickets was illegal. The complaint was not upheld and IPSO decided that the article was not misleading.

M2-Bernstein restricted and elaborated codes

Bernstein restricted and elaborated codes

http://newlearningonline.com/new-learning/chapter-5/basil-bernstein-on-restricted-and-elaborated-codes

Elaborated code

• Elaborated code is usually used in formal situations
• It is fully explained to the audience

Restricted code

• Restricted code is used in informal situations
• They assume that the audience already have pre-existing knowledge      

Mirror

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/bloodbath-high-street-bloodbath-high-12102203

BBC

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-43225248

I will be analysing the same article on two different news sites these are The Mirror and BBC news.

The headline for The Mirror is “Bloodbath on the high street: Three major chains announce 6,000 job cuts in the morning”. This is restrictive because it doesn’t provide the audience with all of the information it doesn’t say what the chains are. The headline in the BBC news article is also restrictive. It says “Toys R Us UK goes into administration” This is restrictive because some people may not know what going into administration is. This is an example of how the articles are similar because both of them have restrictive headlines so that the audience will read the rest of the story

The headline of The Mirror article they use the word “bloodbath” this is sensationalist language they are using this word to make the headline more interesting. This tells the audience that there was chaos. The Mirror also uses the word major was used in the headline this is used to describe the chains. The use of the word major is used to shock the audience. The use of the word “bloodbath” is also an adjective the Mirror are using it to describe the chaos that is taking place out on the high street because of the potential job loss.

The Mirror article consists of lots of very small paragraphs most are only a sentence long. This is very similar to the BBC article the paragraphs are also short in this article although the paragraphs are not as short as in The Mirror. The article that is written by the BBC is 639 words long this is because it provides a more in depth analysis whereas the article written by The Mirror is 590 words. This is a difference between the two articles the BBC article provides more information. The BBC news article is longer than The Mirror article because BBC news is aimed at an audience in the A, B, and C1 category. The audience of The Mirror is in the C2, D, E category this means that they have a lower reading age so won’t want to read as much.

In the Mirror article they use the word Brexit this is restrictive because The Mirror are assuming that the audience know what the word Brexit means. Brexit is also a blur word it is a combination of the words Britain and Exit because Britain are leaving the EU.